Unit 6 p7 Health and Social Care

P7- Describe the roles, responsibilities and career pathways of 3 health or social car workers. Social worker: Social workers form relationships with people and assist them to live more successfully within their local communities by helping them find solutions to their problems. Social work involves engaging not only with clients themselves but their families and friends as well as working closely with other organisations including the police, local authority departments, schools and the probation service.Social work can be a stressful career, you need to be well organised as there is a significant level of administrative work – and time management skills are crucial. A social worker is expected to assess, review and maintain records of specific cases, all within certain timeframes whilst achieving set standards of care and providing service users and their families with the help they need. The role and duties of a social worker are broad and varied, but generally they include the provision of guidance and support, with a main focus on allowing the service user to eventually support themselves as much as possible. Similar article: Unit 4 M1A social worker has a specific role and must register with the Social Care Council in order to work as a social worker. Social workers also have to show that they have undertaken the required training and development. There are some tasks that only a registered social worker employed by a local authority may undertake. These include: †¢Undertaking child protection investigations. †¢Undertaking initial, core, foster and adoption assessments. †¢Developing and driving the Child Protection (or CIN) plan. †¢Initiating legal proceedings to apply for a range of orders including admitting children to the care system and placing them for adoption.There are various routes to becoming a social worker, but you will need to gain a professional qualification in social work (usually at degree level) either on a full-time or part-time basis. This is offered at undergraduate and postgraduate master’s level. It is also possible to take a degree cour se combining social work with mental health or learning disability nursing. To become a social worker, you will need a social work degree. The degree course takes 3 years to complete in England, Wales and Northern Ireland – and 4 years in Scotland.Before being accepted onto a social work degree course, you will need to demonstrate that you understand what social work is about and have had some kind of experience in social work or social care. Your previous experience could be paid work experience in a related field such as a carer or it could be voluntary experience within a care or social work setting. It will help you to assess your own strengths and weaknesses, as well as providing an understanding of just what sort of work is involved in a career as a social worker.Demand for social work degree places is extremely high so the better your grades and the quality of your relevant experience, the more chance you will have of gaining a place. To get a place on a social work de gree course in England you will need: A minimum of 5 GCSE's at grade A* to C – two of these MUST be English and Maths †¢You will also need a minimum of 2 A levels At some universities this requirement can be higher. You will need to check the requirements at the university of your choice.Middlesex university, London: Admission to the MA Social Work degree at Middlesex University requires a higher second class honours degree or above (i. e. 2:1 or above). Ability to pass written and numeracy tests at GCSE grade C level (tested as part of the selection process). The university of Northampton: Applicants must have grade C GCSE mathematics and grade C English or equivalent. A typical offer would be 260-300 UCAS tariff points. National Salary Data National Salary Data Salary? 19,196 – ? 32,666 Bonus? 0. 00 – ? 3,013 Total Pay ? 19,166 – ? 37,005The average salary for a Social Worker in the UK is ? 29,074 Midwife: Midwives often describe their job as †˜privileged'. The role they have in preparing women for the delivery of new life makes them a vital presence during all stages of pregnancy, labour and the early postnatal period. The role is demanding and carries plenty of responsibility. More midwives now work in the community, providing services in women's homes, local clinics, children's centres and GP surgeries. There also plenty of opportunities for midwives to work on antenatal, labour and postnatal wards and neonatal units.There are currently no national minimum academic entry requirements for entry into midwifery courses. As a consequence, each higher education institution (HEI) running courses sets its own criteria. All applicants must be able to demonstrate evidence of literacy and numeracy. For numeracy this includes evidence of ability to: Accurately manipulate numbers as applied to volume, weight, and length, (including, addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, use of decimals, fractions, and percentages) to i nclude using a calculator.For literacy this includes evidence of ability to: Read and comprehend (in English or Welsh) and to communicate clearly and effectively in writing to include using a word processor. For entry onto a pre-registration degree programme in midwifery, you will need a minimum of five GCSEs at grade C or above (typically including English language or literature and a science subject), plus two A' levels or equivalent (although in practice, you are more likely to need three A' levels or equivalent). Universities require: (Birmingham city university) †¢GCE A/A2 level 00 UCAS tariff points from a maximum of three A/A2 level passes which must include one of Psychology, Sociology, Biology, Health and Social Care or Human Biology at Grade C or above. A typical offer would be ABC. †¢BTEC Extended Diploma in Health and Social Care Minimum Grade DDD required. †¢GCE AS/A1 level Two subjects accepted with two GCE A/A2 Levels which must include one of Psycholog y, Sociology, Biology, Health and Social Care or Human Biology at Grade C or above. Must achieve a minimum of 300 tariff points. †¢GCE/AVCE Double Award in Health and Social CareGCE/AVCE Double Award with remaining UCAS tariff points from a maximum of one GCE A/A2 Level. The minimum starting salary for newly qualified midwives in the NHS is ? 21,176 at Band 5. Midwives usually progress to Band 6, which starts at ? 25,258, after a minimum of 12 months and a maximum of 24. Subject to attainment within the NHS Career Framework salaries can rise to ? 34,189. The range of typical salaries at senior level, e. g. those managing a team, research or teaching activities, or with specialist knowledge is ? 30,460 – ? 40,157. Physiotherapist:Physiotherapists help and treat people of all ages with physical problems causes by illness, accident and ageing. Physiotherapy is healthcare profession which sees human movement as central to the health and well-being of individuals. Physiothera pist help and treat people of all ages with physical problems caused by illness, accident or ageing. Physiotherapy is a healthcare profession which sees human movement as central to the health and well-being of individuals. Physiotherapists identify and maximise movement potential through health promotion, preventive healthcare, treatment and rehabilitation.The core skills used by physiotherapists include manual therapy, therapeutic exercise. Physiotherapists also have an appreciation of psychological, cultural and social factors which influence their clients. Many physiotherapists work within hospitals. Here they are needed in virtually every department, from general out-patients to intensive care, where round-the-clock chest physiotherapy can be vital to keep unconscious patients breathing. The minimum entry requirements are the same for all degree courses, but due to completion for places, it means that conditional offer for places are set higher than minimum. ou’re requir ed to have 5 GCSEs at grades A-C, which should include maths both English language and literature and a selection of science subjects, and 3 A-levels at grade A-C, which one them should be biological science. National Salary Data National Salary Data Salary? 18,358 – ? 40,716 Bonus? 0. 00 – ? 2,936 Total Pay ? 18,774 – ? 46,724 In 2008, the average salary for this job was ? 27,000. The average salary in 2009 was ? 25,257, The average salary in 2010 was ? 48,743 The average salary in 2011 was ? 28,506

Public vs Private Schooling

As American support for the public education system dwindles, many parents find the only place for their children to receive a quality education is in a private school. The areas that are most important to a private school are also the ones that seem to be lacking in public schools. These include safety, order, teaching the basics and challenging young minds. Across the nation, public education systems continue to fail students, therefore many have chosen, like myself, to attend private Catholic high schools to receive an education that will better prepare them for college. Overcrowded public high schools have been dealt with the problems of insufficient funding, large class sizes, students who simply refuse to learn and are disruptive. Due to an increase in violent acts committed, many public high schools have instituted low level security measures to ensure the safety of students. The types of security found in these schools include closed campuses, controlled access to the school building and grounds, random drug and metal detector, banning certain types of clothing, and either full or part time security guards have been assigned. How can students be expected to learn and teachers educate in an environment like this Through personal experience I have found out that it is almost impossible to focus on learning in an atmosphere that is forced to emphasize personal safety rather than education. My first eight years of education were spent at area public schools in and around Chicago, IL. During this time I witnessed approximately 100 fights, 3 teachers being assaulted by students and numerous drug and weapons arrests. Many of these acts were merely boyish fights and left no lasting impression. One incident that has scarred me for life was when a student came to school with a five-inch knife and proceeded to stab an administrator in front of approximately seventy students, myself included. I simply stood there not knowing what to do, too shocked to blink, too terrified to move. The victim recovered fully and the perpetrator, who at the time was fifteen, is now in jail. Is this the atmosphere that children should be placed in to receive the fundamental elements of education that will prepare them for high school and eventually college There is enough concern about the quality of education in public schools that many private schools have been bombarded with applications in recent years. This is the case with my alma mater, Saint Marys High School. Run by the Archdiocese of Chicago, it is a small, coeducational, Catholic school located in downtown Chicago, IL. With a graduating class of less than 150, Saint Marys fosters a college curriculum with small controlled classes and an emphasis on personal, intellectual and religious growth all in a morally sound environment unlike anything found in public schools. The problems facing many public schools are non-existent at most private schools. They have no need to institute security measures because discipline is not a problem. Students know that the school board can expel anyone that hinders learning in the classroom. Disruptive and violent actions are taken seriously and are not tolerated under any circumstance. At Saint Marys there are various types of honors courses designed for students that have specific interest in a particular subject. There is also a program set up for students to receive not only tutoring but instruction from Midshipmen attending the United States Naval Academy, located only a few blocks from the high school. This type of program not found in any public or private school is one that places Saint Marys on a far superior level. For those who choose not to take any honors courses there is a challenging curriculum that places students in small classes therefore making learning a very personal experience between teacher and student. I found the most intriguing part of attending Saint Marys was the emphasis they placed on religion. From the classroom to the athletic field students know that they are representing not only there family but Saint Marys High School and the whole Archdiocese of Chicago. The mandatory religion classes taught were not focused on right and wrong but how to improve your own personal view of life. They challenged us to Walk in the shadow of God and learn from His teachings. Students at Saint Marys are committed to serving the community and those in need, not to enhance a resume but because they truly want to. Private schools across the nation have fewer disciplinary problems than public schools because they can be selective in whom they choose to accept into there institute. Those who apply truly want to learn and are willing to spend thousands of dollars a year to ensure that they receive the best education possible. With that money they dont expect to have to fear for their safety, or fear that they will not learn anything in class because one person is disruptive. Altogether receiving a private Catholic education not only prepared me for college but also ensured that I will be a more mature and well-rounded individual throughout my life.

The pros and cons of applying affirmative actions Essay

The pros and cons of applying affirmative actions - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that affirmative action is often regarded as a policy concern towards discriminatory factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, religion, and sexual orientation. The present research has identified that the initial affirmative action was enacted in the United States under Executive Order 10925 by President John F. Kennedy on 6th March 1961. Furthermore, in 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson executed the enactment of Executive Order 11246 focusing on the equal distribution of employment opportunities among various social classes and genders. The author has rightly presented that it was during the Second World War that discrimination amid the socio-economic context had emerged as a serious concern which led to the rising significance of equal rights, humanitarian approaches and various other social norms which aimed at facilitating proper distribution of resources in the community. Through this enactment, the application of Affirmative Action wa s aimed at mitigating unethical discriminatory practices in the fields of education, business and employment among others and thereby imbibing ethical concerns as well as justness within the society. This paper illustrates that since its initial application in 1961, the purpose of enacting the affirmative action had been to serve every religion and cast with equal opportunity in order to facilitate proper education and employment throughout the socio-economic context.... Accounting both the Pros and Cons of Applying Affirmative Actions From a generalized perspective, the affirmative action can be observed to guide a society towards equal distribution of wealth and development opportunities. Therefore, it is quite obvious that such policy concerns will motivate growth and thereby prove to be quite advantageous for the society. In this context, the benefits can be recognized as affirmative action tends to compensate minority interests, serve as a booster to social diversity and exposure platform to varied fields. By compensating minority interests in terms of education and employability, affirmative action facilities equal opportunities to various social classes, especially to those groups who are observed to avail limited exposure to national and global prospects owing to their restricted power and involvement in the society. Correspondingly, by serving as a booster to social diversity, affirmative action benefits as the community interests in terms o f equal distribution of salary and wages irrespective of the gender, race, ethnicity or any other discriminatory factor, precise and universal employment as well as educational norms which further facilitates the exposure of the society not only in the national but also in the international context. To be summarized, the most significant benefit of affirmative action can be identified as its role towards augmenting sustainable social growth (Holzer, and David, â€Å"Affirmative Action: What Do We Know†). Conversely, affirmative action can also be identified to impose crucial disadvantages towards societal development in the long-run. For instance, from a global perspective, affirmative action has often been accused to give rise to reverse

Milk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Milk - Essay Example There are many alternative drinks today including soda, juice and yoghurt, among others, hence affecting the consumption of fluid milk. This commercial begins with a small African American girl sitted on a supermarket cart. While drinking juice, she is approached by a stranger who is an African American woman. The stranger appears physically unhealthy and tired. She tells the young girl that she is her from the future. The girl gives her a rather disappointed look. The stranger gives the girl a packet of milk before she magically transforms into an athlete with a healthy look. She asks the girl to keep drinking the milk. She then races with two other athletes and emerges the winner. Later, an older African American woman is seen next to the girl grabbing many milk packets and putting them in her cart. The audience of this commercial is specifically parents, young people, and children. This is because the commercial features people of different ages. A young girl, an elderly woman, and young ladies. This could possibly mean that fluid milk is beneficial to people of all ages. There are different words that are said in this commercial, which are of great importance. When the strange African American woman approaches the young girl, she tells her that she is her (the young girl) from the future. This strange woman appears unhealthy and tired, and at this moment, the young girl was drinking juice. These words probably meant that drinking juices alone and not milk will not make the young girl grow to become healthy and energetic in future. She will appear weak as the strange woman. The young girl answered, â€Å"You are me?† with a disappointed look. This shows that everyone wants or desires to be healthy and energetic in future. Hence the young girl did not like the unhealthy appearance of the stranger. From this commercial, the health benefits of fluid milk are unveiled at the point where the

Information security management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Information security management - Essay Example Taking a step back, there is value in situating a risk assessment process for Accounting Company in the context of a cycle for managing risks. The chart below situates this particular exercise for Accounting Company in terms of a cycle that includes the (1) assessment of risks and determination of needs; (2) the implementation of controls and policies; (3) the promotion of awareness; and (4) monitoring and evaluation; all occurring within the context of a central point of focus (United States General Accounting Office 6): Meanwhile, a compilation of risk assessment approaches for information security that is taken from best practices of many different top organizations in the US has distilled the most important elements of an effective security risk assessment as follows: (1) the identification of threats that could significantly impair crucial assets and operations; (2) estimation of the likelihood of the occurrence of such identified threats; (3) the identification and prioritization of assets and operations in order to determine the most crucial assets and operations to protect in cases of the occurrence of the identified threats; 4) the estimation of probable losses in the event of the occurrence of the threats, to included losses from the costs of recovery, for the most important assets and operations (5) the identification of interventions for risk mitigation, where the emphasis is on the cost-effectiveness of such interventions; and (6) the documentation of the results and the development of a plan of action (General Accounting Office 6). To be sure, while the above outlines a generic information security risk assessment approach that is the common denominator for all kinds of effective, best practice, approaches, the literature actually details many different kinds. Including a matrix approach (Goel and Chen), and many other different best practice

History of Political Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

History of Political Philosophy - Essay Example However, the true objective of conservatism is to establish dignity, which is a social and psychological stipulation of discrepancy. Thus, the deceptions of conservatism in the current era will no longer be adequate because conservatisms are sophisticated especially in the current cultural society. On should accept conservatism as a guide to public policies because it is one of the significant driving forces towards building the American society where freedom, prosperity and opportunity flourish. However, it is significant to strike a balance between protection of civil rights and fundamental rights. There is a dramatic increase of conservatism in the public organizations and policy research organizations since the midst of 1990. The changes can be explained through the expansion of conservatism movement in the nation, the fall of communism and increased political democracies across the globe. Understanding cultural misunderstanding is significant because culture plays significant roles towards social and economic development. Behr (23) argues that conservatism movement is instrumental towards reorganizing and establishment of democracy across the globe. It continues to flourish the former communist nations, and it has played significant roles in numerous entities as well as h elping organizations to increase visibility. Socialism is an economic system of ownership. The central meaning involves common ownership of economic resources across the globe. Although, common sharing of resources does not make sense, but some commodities tend to be personal consumption. Common ownership means everyone has a right to participate in decision on the way global resources will be utilized. In this case, nobody can take personal control of the common shared resources beyond their personal possessions. Therefore, democratic control plays a significant role in socialism. This is where the government has powers to

Investment Appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Investment Appraisal - Essay Example Investment Appraisal The capital budgeting decisions are pertaining to investment decisions which will create assets which will in turn create products/ services which create the profits. Generally, current assets are not earning assets but they act as a buffer for the smooth operations of the business. But the long-term investment decisions includes the mission and visions of the company and hence is of strategic importance. There are various techniques available for the appraisal of investment proposals. They include the traditional methods, discounted cash flow methods. But recently there is a tendency to shift to value management models and modified versions of DCF models is reflected among companies. This essay explains the nature of each method of appraisal and also explains the recent trends to use the value management models with examples. For considering this proposal the management can use the investment appraisal techniques which can be segregated into two groups, first group comprising of traditional methods such as payback period method and average rate of return method and second group comprising of time adjusted methods/ discounted cash flow(DCF) methods such as net present value method, internal rate of return method, net terminal value method and profitability index method. The payback period method is the simplest of all methods and it answers the basic question, how many years will it take for the cash benefits to pay the original cost of investment. Cash benefits under this method represent CFAT ignoring interest payment. The payback period of the investment is compared with the payback period predetermined by the management beforehand. If the proposal has a payback period less than the predetermined payback, then the investment proposal is selected. The major advantage with this method is that it is very simple to understand and calculate. But the serious drawback here is that it ignores all the cash inflows after the payback period and it does not differentiate between the projects based on the timing and magnitude of cash flows. The next method is the Accounting rate of return (ARR) method. The ARR is calculated as (Average annual profits after taxes / Average investment) x 100. If the Average rate of return is higher than the predetermined minimum rate of return then the investment proposal is selected. The advantage of this method over the payback period method is that it takes into account entire cash flows over the life time of the project unlike the former. But the major drawback here is that it takes the accounting income for the analysis but not the cash flows. Like the payback period method also does not take into account the time value of money. When the time value of money is not taken into consideration when evaluating investment proposals the chances of choosing the wrong proposals are more. From the information provided Hence, the Time adjusted methods/ discounted cash flow (DCF) methods are widely used for making decisions in corporations. The Net present value method is described as the summation of the present values of cash proceeds (CFAT) in each year minus the summation of the present values of the net cash outflows in each year. The decision rule for this method is that when NPV> zero, accept the prpoposal and if NPV < zero, reject the proposal. The first and foremost advantage of this

Unequal treatment and payment to women in workplace Essay

Unequal treatment and payment to women in workplace - Essay Example Women are usually born with the responsibility to give birth to next generation. However, pregnancy is not considered a disability. However, some companies and employers do not accommodate pregnant workers. In the article ‘women still are not equal in workplace’, by Tyler Vendetti, Tyler illustrates an incident where a pregnant woman was fired at Walmart for asking for the permission to carry a bottle of water even after displaying the doctor’s prescriptionBesides pregnancy, women’s ability is not recognized by many organizations. A recent survey depicted that high-potential women are over supervised and under supported relative to their male counterparts. In some companies, women are not allowed to contribute to major decisions. Apparently, this situation makes women work more and contribute less to the company’s developmental efforts, which is not fair at all.Although women constitute about half the total labor force in different fields, they recei ve a low deal when it comes to payment. Men are usually concentrated in high-paying fields such as finance and engineering. In those high-income fields, women take approximately 37%. However, in the low-income fields such as social services, women constitute about 77.3% of labor force. It can be observed that this is another discrimination in the workplace environment. The society does not believe that women can take an important and hard job such as engineering and finance. Actually, when the companies conduct interviews, they are more likely to hire males in the high paying jobs.

Human Nervemuscle Interaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Nervemuscle Interaction - Essay Example When the threshold potential or firing level was reached, an action potential was created causing Na++ influx. This in turn made the inside of the cell more positive causing it to be depolarized. This action potential was propagated along the entire length of the nerve by salutatory conduction. As the nerve nears its termination, it loses its myelin sheath and divides into terminal buttons. The action potential caused the voltage-gated Ca++ channels to open resulting in Ca++ influx. The Ca++ then triggered the synaptic vesicles containing the neurotransmitter (in this case, acetylcholine (AcH)) to fuse with the plasma membrane causing it to release its contents to the neuromuscular (NMJ) junction. The AcH then fused with the nicotinic receptors on the motor end plate of the muscle consequential in the opening of Na++ channels. This created an end plate potential until it reached its threshold potential and brought about the potential to be conducted away in both directions along the muscle fiber. The potential traversed down the T- tubules and reached the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The end plate potential caused a conformational change in the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) which initiated the ryanodine receptor (RYR) to release the Ca++ (Berne, et.al, 2006). The Ca++ then binds with the Troponin C, causing exposure of the active site in the actin. The myosin head then attached to the active site, and with ATP, performed a "power stroke" causing shortening and contraction of the muscle. This is the contraction seen when the thumb moves towards the palm (abduction). However, the contraction seen as a response to the electric stimulation is not tetanic, meaning it is not sustained; therefore a relaxation period occurs as well. In order for the muscle contraction to stop, the Ca++ attached to the Troponin C must be sequestered back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This is done by the Ca++ -Mg++ ATPase. Only when there is cessation of the interaction between actin and m yosin can muscle relaxation occur. Consequently, in order for repolarization of the motor end plate, the AcH that has attached to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the motor end plate is broken down by acetylcholinesterase, which hydrolysis Ach to acetate and choline. Re-uptake of these products then occurs by the pre-synaptic neuron for synthesis of new AcH. 2.) The normal nerve conduction velocity for myelinated nerves is 50-60 m/s, depending on the diameter of the nerve and as to its myelination. The greater the diameter size, the faster the conduction velocity. Similarly, myelinated neurons are also faster conductors than unmyelinated neurons. Our results yielded a NCV of 44 m/s which is not within the range but is near the accepted values. Latency or time that the impulse took to travel within the axon is expected to be longer from the elbow compared to the wrist due to the increased distance from the thumb. However, if we are to consider the fiber type of the ulnar nerve, which is an -motor neuron, the NCV that we got was significantly less than the known conduction velocity of 70-120 m/s. Several factors can affect the NCV such as age and temperature. The conduction velocity decreases significantly with decrease temperature and the distal latencies become correspondingly prolonged. (DeLisa, 2005). The standard temperature used in l aboratories is 32oC. It was also found out that the conduction ve

Procurement, contracts and strategies Assignment

Procurement, contracts and strategies - Assignment Example It seems to oscillate between adopting a bold and inspirational stance and being timid and accepting. It is caught between the need to encourage as much growth as the local economy can accommodate and the desire to be selective and discerning on the grounds of quality. There is a wide gap between the ambition of being a truly European city and the reality. Those who aspire to be control of urban development in Leeds are more at its mercy than they could like to think or have us believe. Leeds city council struggles to raise the value of their goods and services. This will lead to improvement in the monetary value. The following procurement strategy is mainly focused on the openness and transparency, category management, lifecycle approach the skills and capacity of procurement professionals. This idea is striving to exploit the examples of good practice and skilled with expertise professionals that are within the council’s premises from the local community to the international community. In addition, it also deals with the private sector and the public and responds to the views received through extensive ranging discussion and pilot projects. Recently changes have occurred to the procurements of Leeds city council that are not far related to those of Staffordshire county council. It has been overshadowed that the changes will take approximately twelve months to be fully implemented and function in Leeds city council across all units of the council. This procurement strategy will be checked semi-annually together with the documents set to show the possible changes and lessons learnt from the new procurement. Leeds city council at present spends $1500 million each financial year in terms of revenue and capital. The council acquires a very extensive range of services, goods and works. This includes back office support and the

Hip-hop music Essay Example for Free

Hip-hop music Essay Hip-hop music, according to Joan Morgan, is a powerful force in popular culture. However, she also criticized how hip-hop â€Å"repeatedly reduced me to tits and ass and encourages pimping on the regular. † Emphasis is given on how machismo and sexism prevail in the lyrics of hip-hop music. As is seen in various examples highlighted in Morgan’s article, hip-hop music taught men to treat women without the respect and love that they deserve. They came to learn to treat women as objects to fulfill sexual desires, calling them â€Å"bitches† and â€Å"hos†. It is seen in hip-hop music how women use sex as a weapon to gain material wealth and protection, not because they want it, but because it is the only option they have. This only shows how women are, in modern times, still victims of gender inequality. Over and over again, these themes have been the topic of hip-hop music, along with â€Å"alcoholism, substance abuse and chemical dependency. † After all, hip-hop music has done much to encourage these acts unbecoming of decent people. However, Morgan also suggested it as a part of a more complex problem, stemming from the racism experienced by black people. All these talks about sex and drugs and crimes are reflections of the bitterness, the hurt that the black people feel, resulting to more damage. According to Morgan, crimes committed against black people, are more likely done by black people themselves. White people are long ago out of the question. Depictions of a violent and cruel world where everything can be bought by money and sleeping with a rapper will give you a record contract gives them self-satisfaction and a self-liberating feeling when they play master and the women their slaves. But deep inside they do not feel real happiness as they fail to face their problems and responsibilities in reality. In the end they continue to feel empty. Take for example the music video of the song â€Å"Gold Digger† by Kanye West and Jamie Foxx, which topped the charts at the time of its release and even won a couple of Grammy Awards. The video alternates with scenes of West and Foxx singing, women wearing skimpy lingerie making poses for men’s magazines, and women dancing all over the men. These depictions of women in the video did not give any love, let alone respect for women in general. They are merely seen as objects of desire that can be bought anytime of the day. There are also some scenes in the music video wherein the men are dragged into a dark room where all the women wearing lingerie are present. They are represented as nothing more than â€Å"bitches† and â€Å"hos† only after these men for their money. As it is, these women are depicted to give sex to those who can pay, and even trick some of the richer guys into marrying them. One scene in the video even spelled out the word â€Å"pre-nupt† as the men supposedly wanted pre-nuptial agreements before marrying these women so that they can’t touch a cent of the men’s money. Even the lyrics of the song, sung in the point of view of a rich husband, describes how his wife tricked him into marrying him by saying that she’s pregnant with his son, but after eighteen years, he found out that he was not the real father of this child. Now that he wants a divorce, half of his assets will go the cheating wife. Nevertheless, the â€Å"kid† in the video was white and not black, a direct allusion that it is not his child. His perpetrator was â€Å"white†. This not only shows how lowly they think of women but of how they are forced to do these things so that they can have financial and emotional security that they cannot in themselves achieve because they are prevented from doing so. Women themselves are deprived of the love and care they need as the men continually search for physical love and satisfy their egos in order to forget their own worries and problems. In a deeper context, â€Å"Gold Digger† tries to disguise the hurt of being fooled, of being cheated, by bragging that yes, she’s a gold digger, I’m rich and I can afford to buy any girl I want. The video did not objectify men and women. The difference in the treatment of men and women can be seen in the whole video. In a sense, the men are the customers, and the women, mere products they could buy and use at their whims. As Morgan puts it, it is not about calling women â€Å"bitches† or â€Å"hos†, but men’s incapability to show love. They treat women as some kind of objects because it is the only way that they can feel powerful. This incapability to love proves Morgan’s point that these men are hurt. The pain has taken something very special from them, and that is the ability to love and to care for others. The distrust for women shown in â€Å"Gold Digger† is there, in the first place, because these men are afraid, afraid to love and get hurt in the process. But because of this loss, women became victims of abusive treatment. One lesson that can be learned is that love per se is not synonymous with sex. According to Morgan, we all should learn to address our issues and better treat each other. We should eliminate all the barricades caused by the depiction of women in hip-hop music and eliminate the confusions. As mentioned earlier, hip-hop has a big influence on popular culture. What we hear, we incorporate in our minds and way of living. We can use this influence to create hip-hop music that loves, respects, and most importantly, hip-hop music that forgives.

Jade Peony Essay Example for Free

Jade Peony Essay This excerpt from â€Å"The Jade Peony† by Wayson Choi conveys the mystery and insightful fear of the unknown of a young boy who has just lost his mother. Although the passage refrains from giving sufficient details, the reader is still able to understand the essentials of the situation: A young boy is lying in a bed with his dying mother and is then taken into the care of a family friend. The reader confirms the death of the mother with the narrator’s description of the â€Å"rigid arms† (line 8), which implies the limpness of the mother’s lifeless arms, and the boy’s realization that â€Å"my mommy’s voice†¦would never say again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (lines 23-24). Also, from the apparent urgency and, perhaps, panic of the first paragraph, the reader may infer that something – most likely an emergency – has gone terribly wrong. The development of the Chin family characters then expands on this confirmation (of the mother’s death) to help develop the reader’s understanding. Mrs. Chin is shown as a very nurturing and maternal woman – a foil to her husband’s practical leadership in giving instructions (line 3) – who comforts the boy as the mother dies. She pulls the boy â€Å"up, up, up, from the dark†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and carries him away to her family’s cabin, a safe place. These actions indicate the switching of maternal roles between the boy’s mother and Mrs. Chin as the biological mother passes on. Also, the other Chin characters help to convey the situation. For example, in line 13, the expressions of the Chin children reflect back the â€Å"vacant stare† of the young boy to indicate his scared yet insightful awareness of the situation. Once they are in the Chin family’s cabin, Mr. Chin dynamically changes from practical leader to nurturing father, mirroring the comfort given by Mrs. Chin. His actions to return to normality – telling old stories, singing songs, etc. (lines 17-21) – further indicate the absence of the boy’s mother, showing how the Chin family is so kindly taking in the now motherless boy. Considering that the reader is left void of a complete description of the situation, the mysteriousness of this lack of detail also effectively helps to convey the similar mysteriousness felt by the boy, the narrating voice. It seems that the boy is aware of his mother’s death, at least to some degree. For example, he has a â€Å"vacant stare† (line 13) and he does not say anything as he eats his jook (line 16). Still, he does not fully grasp the concept, or the repercussions rather, of his mother’s death. For example, he remembers the â€Å"joy and excitement† of the storytelling night just before realizing his â€Å"mommy’s voice†¦would never say again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (line 24). Aside from a paralleled mysteriousness experienced by both the reader and the boy, Choi also cleverly uses tone and sensory descriptions to convey the context and feeling of the narrating voice (of the boy). Especially in the first paragraph, Choi appeals to the auditory senses; he narrates and sets the scene by describing what the boy hears. First there is the voice of Herby Chin calling for help, then the boy hears the back door open and the sound of voices coming from the kitchen. In lines 1-3, the boy describes the scene by telling everything he hears from the other bedroom. This conveys the uneasiness of the unknown, since the boy is only hearing what is going on; he cannot see anything in the other room. Surely the boy is scared, but his observant mind conveys his insight and awareness of the situation. Choi also uses an appeal to the tactile senses, developing a tone of urgency, which helps to convey the uneasiness felt by the boy. For example, in line 17, Mrs. Chin scrubs her hands furiously simultaneously as the boy hears the siren to indicate her urgent and almost unsatiable desire to clean the blood from her hands. This may also demonstrate (figuratively) the feelings of the boy and the Chin family to move past the mother’s death – they hope to get ride of the stains of the pain in an attempt to return to normality. Aside from his sensory appeal, Choi also uses an effective word choice to convey the sense of urgency. Most noticably, he uses the word â€Å"rush† twice (line 1 line 5) as well as other phrases with a connotation of quickness (which indicates the level of panic felt in the emergency). For example, a chair falls over (due to the rushing of people in the kitchen), the curtains are â€Å"whipped† back, the blinds â€Å"whirled† and â€Å"snapped† up. Mrs. Chin â€Å"shoves† aside the pillows on the bed to comfort the boy. As the passage progresses, the sense of urgency slows as Choi picks up another more reflective and observant tone. The diction, especially of lines 25-30, is much less urgent and has a sense of calmness to it (conveyed by the sensory description of the freshly baked pie, the epitome of comfort). Ultimately this helps to demonstrate the probable acceptance and understanding of the boy. This gives the reader a final peace of mind, as the mysteriousness and urgency that are conveyed at the beginning finally come to a close, and the reader solidifies his or her understanding of the characters and the situation. Questions for sample commentary on â€Å"The Jade Peony† 1. What is the central assertion of the commentary? 2. What makes it an effective central assertion? 3. What contextualizing details does the student provide? 4. In your oral commentaries, what kind of contextualizing details will you be able to provide that this writer can’t? 5. A) Identify the topic sentence in paragraph 6. B) What details of content and literary features does the student use to support the topic sentence? C) What are the effects of these details, according to the student? D) How do these details and effects relate to the central assertion? 6. How does the student bring a sense of closure to the commentary? 7. Identify a point or explanation of a quotation that is underdeveloped. 8. How does the student bring a sense of closure to his commentary?

Study On The Anthrax Disease Biology Essay

Study On The Anthrax Disease Biology Essay In 2001, letters containing the virulent Ames strain of anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices killing five people and infecting 17 others. I found this story and the use of anthrax as a bioterrorism weapon fascinating Anthrax is a life-threatening infectious disease that normally affects animals, especially goats, cattle, sheep, and horses. Anthrax can be transmitted to humans by contact with infected animals or their products. However, anthrax does not spread from person to person. Anthrax  is an  acute  disease caused by the bacterium  B. anthracis. Most forms of the disease are lethal, and it affects both humans and other animals. As a member of the genus  Bacillus,  B. anthracis  can form dormant  endospores  that are able to survive in harsh conditions for decades.  For example, spores have been known to have re-infected animals over 70 years after the burial sites of anthrax-infected animals were disturbed. When spores are inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with a skin lesion on a host, they may become reactivated and multiply rapidly. If the spores of anthrax are inhaled, they migrate to lymph glands in the chest where they proliferate, spread, and produce toxins that often cause death. The symptoms vary depending on whether the anthrax spores were inhaled, ingested or through the skin. Inhalation Anthrax The first symptoms are subtle, gradual and flu-like. However as the illness worsens there may be severe respiratory distress, shock and coma. Spores are transported in the lymph nodes where they multiply producing deadly toxins, resulting in severe haemorrhage and necrosis. Usually causing death as although prescribed antibiotics are effective in eradicating the bacteria they do not destroy the toxins already released by the anthrax bacteria. Gastrointestinal Anthrax This form of anthrax is the rarest form. Gastrointestinal infection in humans is most often caused by eating anthrax-infected meat and is characterized by serious gastrointestinal difficulty,  vomiting of blood, severe diarrhoea, acute inflammation of the intestinal tract, and loss of appetite. Some lesions have been found in the intestines and in the mouth and throat. After the bacterium invades the bowel system, it spreads through the bloodstream throughout the body, making even more toxins on the way. Gastrointestinal infections can be treated but usually result in fatality rates of 25% to 60%, depending upon how soon treatment commences. Cutaneous Anthrax Cutaneous anthrax is typically caused when  B. anthracis  spores enter through cuts on the skin. This form of Anthrax is found most commonly when humans handle infected animals and/or animal products. Cutaneous anthrax is rarely fatal if treated,  because the infection area is limited to the skin. The cutaneous form of anthrax starts as a red-brown raised spot that enlarges with redness around it, blistering, and hardening. There lymph nodes get swollen in this area. Symptoms include muscle aches and pain,  headache,  fever,  nausea, and vomiting. The illness usually resolves in about six weeks, but deaths may occur if patients do not receive appropriate antibiotics. The bacteria may be found in cultures or smears in cutaneous anthrax and in throat swabs and sputum in pulmonary anthrax.  Chest X-rays may also show characteristic changes in and between the lungs. Other than  Gram stain  of specimens, there are no specific direct identification techniques for identification of  Bacillus species  in clinical material. A specific feature of  Bacillus species that makes it unique from other aerobic microorganisms is its ability to produce spores. Although spores are not always evident on a Gram stain of this organism, the presence of spores confirms that the organism is of the genus  Bacillus. French scientist Louis Pasteur developed the first effective vaccine for anthrax in 1881. In most cases, early treatment can cure anthrax. The cutaneous form of anthrax can be treated with common antibiotics such as  penicillin,tetracycline,  erythromycin, and  ciprofloxacin.  The pulmonary form of anthrax is a medical emergency.  There are several vaccines in current use. The Russian vaccine, called STI is a  live-attenuated vaccine  based on spores from the  Stern strain  of  B. anthracis.  The STI vaccines serious side-effects restrict use to healthy adults. If a person is suspected as having died from anthrax, every precaution should be taken to avoid skin contact with the potentially contaminated body and fluids exuded through natural body openings. The body should be put in strict quarantine.  Full isolation of the body is important to prevent possible contamination of others. Protective, impermeable clothing and equipment such as  rubber gloves, rubber apron, and rubber boots with no perforations should be used when handling the body. No skin, especially if it has any wounds or scratches, should be exposed. Anthrax cannot be spread directly from person to person, but a persons clothing and body may be contaminated with anthrax spores. Effective decontamination of people can be accomplished by a thorough wash-down with  antimicrobial  effective soap and water. Burning clothing is very effective in destroying spores. After decontamination, there is no need to immunise, treat, or isolate contacts of persons ill with anthrax. Early antibiotic treatment of anthrax is essential, delay significantly lessens chances for survival. Treatment for anthrax infection and other bacterial infections includes large doses of intravenous and oral  antibiotics, such as  fluoroquinolones. In possible cases of inhalation anthrax, early  antibiotic prophylaxis  treatment is crucial to prevent possible death. Anthrax spores can survive for very long periods of time in the environment after release. Methods for cleaning anthrax-contaminated sites commonly use  oxidizing agents   and liquid bleach products containing sodium hypochlorite. These agents slowly destroy bacterial spores.   The pH of the solution should be tested with a paper test strip; and treated surfaces must remain in contact with the bleach solution for 60 minutes. Anthrax spores can and have been used as a  biological warfare  weapon. There is a long history of practical  bioweapons  research in this area. For example, in 1942, British bioweapons trials severely contaminated  Gruinard Island  in Scotland with anthrax spores of the Vollum-14578 strain, making it a no-go area until it was decontaminated in 1990. There are a number of economic impacts of a wide release of anthrax. These include loss of life and direct compensations to families. In addition healthcare, loss of property, decontamination, evacuation and return. After the 2001 attacks the cleanup of postal facilities and offices cost $130 million and took 26 months.

Shakespeare - Definition Of Love :: essays research papers

Shakespeare’s definitions of Love and Lust When there are women and an omnipotent force to procreate there will be a number of resources that a man will use in order to attract the opposite sex. Often with the use of the notorious whistle/mating call, the perpetual use of lies about income, the stench of musk cologne, or the ever-popular use of the love poem, men strive to appeal to women with the intent to see his way to her heart. William Shakespeare, a man who, based on his works, was full of passion for the opposite sex – whether it had been honest love or perverse lust. Nonetheless, Shakespeare, like most men, wished to charm women. With this having been so, Shakespeare’s weapon of choice to be inwrought to a woman’s heart was the powerful love poem. He understood love and how to attain love and demonstrated this in his often praised sonnets. Writing about the joys and tragedies while also writing about the trials and tribulations of love was Shakespeare’s objective in select sonnets †“ Sonnet 116 and Sonnet 129. His views on what is love put into prose enables all that read his sonnets to interpret Shakespeare’s definitions of love and lust. Throughout his sonnets, Shakespeare discusses the conflicts that men have with time, such as time vs. the body and time vs. the mind. Although time withers the body and eventually the mind, Shakespeare writes that time has no effect, however, on love. Love prevails throughout time and is forever young when it is shared by two hearts that have become one. Love is a substance of the hearts united and calls for two individuals to commit to each other – commitment being marriage. Having committed one’s self through marriage both individuals now turn a blind eye to the other’s faults. To Shakespeare, this means that if one of the mates in the relationship cheats, the other should understand, forget, or forgive since adultery was the fault of one of the mate’s and love cannot see faults. This is best exemplified in Sonnet 116 when Shakespeare writes: Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: (1-4) Love is not only forgiving of faults but is also invincible in the eye of any storm. Whether it is hostility in the marriage or the death of one of the individuals in the marriage, love will continue to persevere between the two involved.

The Society of Egypt Essay -- Egypt Cairo Culture Environment Climate

The Society of Egypt Works Cited Not Included The cultural traditions, social behavior and practices of any society in history are inextricably linked to the weather and climate of its region. River mouths have always been popular settling spots, even dating back to the ancient civilizations; these water sources provided life, transportation, and basic survival for these communities. Cairo was founded below the delta on the Nile River in Egypt because of the existence of the Nile. Today, this region is hot and dry with the exception of the land directly bordering the Nile. The climate and current weather in Cairo have a substantial impact on everyday life and society in this region. Unfortunately, because of the harsh environment of this northern African region, Cairo society as it is currently is unsustainable. The northern African Nile region was once a fertile, green, moist area of the world in post-glacial years (Lamb p90-91). Certain species existed in this area because of the moisture the Nile created in the region. Ancient Egyptian civilization in fact thrived because of the predictable and expansive flooding of the river that allowed for innovative irrigation and agricultural techniques necessary to create and maintain a stable and thriving civilization. Because of the initial success of the civilization in this region people continued to settle in Cairo as well as along the entire span of the Nile. Over the centuries however, as worldwide climate has changed and been altered by the increasing world population, the climate and weather in the Nile region as changed dramatically both naturally as well as resulting from human behavior. Desertification, overpopulation, and excessive and rapid industrialization have... ... the boundaries of everyday life for most people. Even the most affluent population of the world cannot always buy its way out of issues caused by climate change and environmental degradation due to human behavior. Conclusion Despite the socioeconomic and environmental issues of Cairo, Egypt continues to be a popular tourist destination because of its rich history. Although the region is suffering dramatically in current years from desertification and pollution from its overpopulated urban centers, the government and environmental groups are making a substantial effort to address underlying social issues and environmental concerns that can be improved with regional cooperation. International education regarding these issues will help to alleviate the strains on Cairo’s natural resources as well as create a model for a more environmentally sustainable society.

Xerox and IT Management :: essays research papers

Xerox is one of the largest companies in the document processing products and services industry. Xerox held a virtual monopoly in the plain-paper copier market until the Federal Trade Commission intervened. In 1975 Xerox was forced to forfeit patent protection and had to license to competitors. Xerox’s markets share dipped from 80% in 1976 to 13% in 1982. In order to become more competitive, Xerox began to use benchmarking, Leadership through Quality and employee involvement initiatives. These initiatives helped grow Xerox’s market share back to 18% in the low end copier business and 35% in the mid-to-high end. Despite the improvements in market share the financial performance of the company declined. Therefore in 1992 a major reorganization was planned, Xerox would change from a geographic organization to a market segment organization. Xerox corporate information management (CIM) unit was established in the early 1970s. In 1987, CIM was moved to the General Services Division and was given the task to â€Å"Provide the overall information technology leadership to the company.† The leader of the CIM group quickly realized the task was not possible without significant organizational change. After bringing in consultants to review the Information Management at Xerox, the director of CIM realized the Xerox IM infrastructure could not support the company’s strategic direction. To address the IM problems, CIM started a new initiative, â€Å"IM 2000†. The goal of IM 2000 was to move Xerox to a new information systems infrastructure. The problems found with Information Management at Xerox †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aging application portfolio built on proprietary technologies †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Large cost associated with keeping legacy system running †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Duplicate work caused by corporate culture – autonomy The IM 2000 design team recommended the following four strategies 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reduce/Redirect   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reduce overall costs by reining in the expense of legacy system. Use savings to fund new applications and infrastructure. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Infrastructure Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Move to a industry standard infrastructure that would be managed centrally – a client server environment. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leverage worldwide IM resources   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Create library of shareable core modules. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business process-driven solutions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current legacy system was to be replaced by solutions supporting new Xerox business process. Xerox’s earlier quality initiatives had created a corporate culture used to having a partner relationship with suppliers. Because of this, management suggested IM should look at outsourcing as an alternative. Typical Reasons for Outsourcing †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concerns about Cost and Quality o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vendors save money by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Running much leaner overhead structures than their customers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More aggressive use of low cost labor pools (India)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Staff must keep up to date on newest IT practices   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Purchasing Power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More efficient use of capacity

Humans and Animals Difference Essay

More than 100 million animals every year suffer and die in cruel chemical, drug, food and cosmetic tests, biology lessons, medical training exercises, and curiosity-driven medical experiments Define and explain animal testing. Is there a need for medical research to be carried out using animal experimentation or are there alternatives to using animals in medical research? What is Animal Testing? Animal testing can also known as animal experimentation or it is also known animal research. Animal research is a fundamental part of scientist and medical process. Animal research has had a vital role in many scientific and medical advance. It is also continue to aid our understanding of various diseases. Animal research is where animals are being used in research projects, and they are also being used as a part of a range of scientific techniques. All these have stated above have included in human trials, cell culture, computer modeling and others. Besides that, animal testing also known as in vivo testing. In vivo testing, they use the non-human animals to experiment. On the other hand, it is also can explain as experimentation that using living organism as opposed to a dead organism. Having animal research are necessary in many areas. Consideration about medical research on animals, it is an important aspect or a key to discovering and develop new treatments in the medical field. Besides that, by doing animal testing, we also can find out the lasts solution in medical research. It is necessary to have animal testing because some of the animals have the certain characteristic that have similarity to human beings. And only by doing medical research on animal we can find out the way to make a better improvement on human’s health. Animal studies are highly informative part of biomedical research. And animal research might be one of the important ways to answer the question that further our understanding of biology. Thus, they consider that using animals is the only way we can test the effect of a genetic mutation, or cancerous cell on the whole body. However, they believe that doing animal research will always help to discover ways to help people and perhaps on others animal in the future. Some of the animal that can immune to diseases which humans can contract and when an efficient amount of testing is done, they will apply all those traits on humans. To determine which preventive solution to be use on human, there is necessary to have research on animals. Humans and animals have more in common than the differences of both of humans and animals have. Like mice, mice share over 90% of their genes with humans. They have the same organs like humans, they doing the same things in the same places. Besides mice, fish and tadpoles also share enough of characteristic with human beings. Even flies and worms also been used in doing research and have come out with a breakthrough. And since animals have an extraordinary of complex systems that have a huge amount of similarities with human beings, and a computer hasn’t been invented to have a power to reproduce all the complex interaction. Thus, we cannot reproduce a beating heart in a test tube or stroke on a computer. Hence, to have animal testing is necessary in order them to discover safe drugs or to achieve in medical progress that can save human lives or perhaps to improve millions of lives throughout this experimentation on animals. As the Department of Health has stated, animal research has contributed to almost every medical advance for the last century. Without animal testing, medical that we know it nowadays wouldn’t be existing. Animal research has help us find different treatments for different kind of cancer, illness, surgery for injuries, antibiotics and vaccines to prevent those most deadly and debilitating viruses. In the other hand, The Federal Law also did requires as long as the test are to be tested on human beings, it will be necessary all the procedures and test will be tested on animals at the first place for scientific advancement and for human well beings. Besides that, it also mentioned that, animals can be used in doing research where there is no better or suitable alternatives methods are available. Of course, some animal research really have a great breakthrough in medical science, but it does not mean that all the animals research have, some of those breakthrough might also have been carried out through non animal experimentation if they had been equally well funded. However, animal testing or animal research is sometimes unreliable as a guide for human biology. It is because different kind of species animals might have different reaction towards the drug that had been testing on them. There’s also a problem on information they have gleaned from animals in the labs. Like what have applied to the dogs, mice or monkeys, there might not necessarily applied on human beings. For example, HIV, is deadly to human beings but it is not for the most laboratory animals. So by searching for the cures of HIV on different species of animals may not produce the result that is applicable on humans. Anyhow, still human-center research invariably gets more accurate, effective and safe results. Like what had Andre Menache from Animal Aid said, â€Å"An animals provide data, yes of course they do provide data; but it might be the wrong data. This is also what she means by, the experimentation results maybe it can applies to monkey, but that does not mean it can also apply on human beings. So which means by the end of result, whatever that you have discover on animals, you will have to discover it again by testing it on humans. Hence, not only the animals do suffer in these experiments but the first few patients whom use these treatments will suffer too. In fact, there are 700 treatments for stroke that had worked in laboratory animals but only have one that works in humans. And even the one treatment is controversial. Scientist and government state that animal testing should cause as little suffering to animals as possible, and since that animal testing should only be performed where there are no others alternatives. An alternative technique is a type of testing method that without using on animals. There are viable alternative that can be used instead of vertebrate animals. And here is one of the alternative called In vitro alternatives. In vitro alternatives are some of the most common types of tests that are being used nowadays. These tests require the use of isolate tissue and cell cultures, and this is which can be harmless and easy to obtain. Besides of vitro alternative, there is also other alternative called micro dosing, in which the basic reaction of drugs are assessed by using human volunteers to receiving well dose below those expected to produce whole body effects. In addition, another alternative that exists to prove the viability of non-animal testing methods and to improve the treatments of using animals testing, and the alternative are known as the three R’s. By using the three R’s, that animals live can be spared. The three R’s stand for: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. Firstly, Replacement refers to avoid the using of animals in animal research. Which is possible to replace the living animals to others non-animals method such as tissue culture and computer simulation, where it is possible to achieve the same scientific aim. Secondly, Reduction refers to reduce the number of using animals in medical research. Researchers should use as less animals in an experiment as they can. But of course, that should also have to obtain the same levels of information from among the fewer animals. Anyhow, they also have to be sure if it is necessary to have animals testing. Lastly, Refinement refers to decrease the suffering and distress on animals. Which also mean by making improvement on animal lives that being used in medical research. In addition, if the researchers want to do an experiment using animals, then they must improve the living condition of the animals they used in doing research. However, animals testing have led to remarkable breakthroughs in medical field. Hence, using the alternative method does not really work well as using animal testing. Therefore, some of the times we have to agree the use of animals in medical research to get the best available model for the solution. And the scientist can also choose which animals experiment should be carried out or should not be carried out. In conclusion, using animals in medical research are remains essential. However, animals testing in medical are unpleasant and no one will never really like to do it. But as a part of the safety tests for new medicines in futures, of course they are requiring to have animals testing before they are tested in humans. Thus, at the end, they believe that using animals in medical research will reduce massive human suffering.

The Haight Ashbury Free Clinic: Internal Control Case Study

agree to published reports, what happened at Height suburb isolated Clinic Is typical of the types of occupyee fraud that happens daylight In and day out at many organizations. It was nothing overly in advance(p) and demonstrated how Insiders who know the peculiarities of differing requirements use their acquaintance for their own enrichment. A motive gibe of the clan took advantage his knowledge that requires nonprofits receiving federal official official grants to return any unspent notes. This bullion Is supposed to go directly to a federal office.However at the open clinic, political science claim the SCOFF created an account statement at a Sacramento bank under(a) a name salary to the federal office. For over both years he had clan workers return these checks. Which he deposited into this account that he actually owned. He allegedly set up several accounts with name calling similar to legitimate venders. The SCOFF had payments intend for these legitimate venders be sent to his button up corporations and later cashed the same checks. These schemes began in June 2001 and went on for over two years.After the irregularities were unveil and investigated, the SCOFF was fired ND the topic was turned over to prosecutors, who miraculously prosecuted and got a conviction. We say miraculously because white-collar iniquity is rarely prosecuted. Even more frightful is the fact that he was convicted. He was sentenced on April 30, 2008 to serve four years in prison, make restitution and pay hold taxes and fines. Returning checks to anyone besides the intended payee is a break in best-practice procedures. What happened here demonstrates all the way why returning checks to anyone but the payee is much(prenominal) a bad practice.Clearly the process for conniption up new endorsed was lax at the clinic. Possible Solutions 1 . ingestion allow for segregation of duties including rule vendor excite responsibilities. 2. Limit access to the master ven dor file and require dual approvals out front a new vendor is added to the master vendor file. 3. Do some separate of verification of new vendors, checking offer and hollo numbers to ensure you are not dealing with a phony vendor. blend W-as from every new vendor forward making the first payment. Run W-as against the IRS TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number) Matching Program to begin with making the first payment.Check to e If counterpart vendors suck up the same TIN. Conclusion age very few organizations will employ all the practices described above, the more a corporation Incorporates Into their policy and procedures, the more backbreaking It Is for a fraudster (either an employee, former employee or mortal else) to steal from the company. The Height suburban area Free Clinic Internal Control Case claim By Saying-Chou Saying Chou concord to published reports, what happened at Height Suburb Free Clinic is typical of the types of employee fraud that happens day in and day out at many organizations.It was nothing overly forward-looking and demonstrated how insiders own enrichment. A former SCOFF of the clinic took advantage his knowledge that money is supposed to go directly to a federal office. However at the free clinic, similar to the federal office. For over two years he had clinic workers return these checks, which he deposited into this account that he actually owned. He allegedly set 1 . Use appropriate segregation of duties including master vendor file responsibilities. See if duplicate vendors have the same TIN. A corporation incorporates into their policy and procedures, the more difficult it is for

Cera Sanitaryware Ltd

Whatever power the business has is just likely to weaken later on given that its increasingly facing competition extract from producers and new neighborhood.With a production capacity of 2. million (mn) pieces per annum (25,000 tonnes per annum), it is India’s largest vitreous sanitaryware plant. It also has wind farms located at Jamnagar and Kutch in Gujarat. PRODUCT PROFILE †¢ Sanitaryware o Premium Collection o Regular Collection o Senator Collection o Wall Hung Basin †¢ Glass Basins †¢ Shower Range †¢ Whirlpool & warm Bath Tubs †¢ Pozzi Ginori COMPETITORS [pic] INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS [pic] PORTER’S FIVE FORCES CONCLUSION Based on Appendice 1 The  sanitaryware  manufacturers  in  the  unorganized  sector  continue to enjoy duty exemptions, which is not conducive for  healthy competition.Virtually all businesses need money to put much money to grow profits.Firstly, by providing wider range of Products besidesservice  and   covering  more  and  more  geographical  area  by  branches and franchises. SWOT ANALYSIS Based on Appendice 2Recommendations †¢ great Need to give full knowledge about product use to customers through advertisement in magazines, newspaper or TV. channel. †¢ Need to make some improvement in products to satisfy its customer.

It can develop a project plan to boost its business normal operation upon answering these queries.Those can personally solve the problem of customer. †¢ If company is not providing service to its customer timely. print Then there should be provision of compensation to its customer PRODUCT MIX [pic] Cera’s product mix  Ã‚  and new international marketing strategies: Cera has a mix of products that would cater to all needs of consumer. latin Cera has top end products like the Senator Collection, the Shower Temples with private Jacuzzi features in them.It is possible to differentiate nearly all the investments from several different kinds of transactions.Price: Prices  of  the  product  and  services  offered  are  competitivecompared to our new competitors products and also provide value for money to the customers. Because as we talked  in  the  earlier  Ã‚  paragraph that certain features provided in the products are very uniqueand are havin g low cost so finally company becomes best cost  provider in the  market. Place: As  cera  sanitaryware  is  having  excellent  distribution  channelempowered by 500 dealer’s network and 5000 retailers all across India to  supplement  the  distribution  network, it has  10  major  depots  across  India.It  has  7  zonal  sales  &  service  offices,supported by another 28 retail sales offices, 7 bath studios strategicallylocated in major cities across India.

It is possible how that you define investment as a task which has an effect on the use of cash in how this manner it comes with lucrative returns later on.3999/- for only one month. †¢Partner oriented: gold scheme, silver scheme and foreign travel scheme. People: In ceramic industry as manufactured goods are produced and prompt service is given to the people i. e.Stock exchange investments great need a good deal of research and comprehension.A. nd other Marketing specialized. Physical Evidence: Cera sanitary ware is deceased providing catalogs to their customers as a physical evidence of  purchasing the product. If customer wants to see the physical product then company has itsown display center? Cera bath studio? in new metro cities of India.

Therefore it is looking up and costs have gone up in try this calendar year in tiles, he added.Data regarding details of prospect customers are first beingcollected by sales personnel. †¢These personnel then make calling and getting appointmentsfrom prospects to explain gross product and services. †¢Ã‚  Next  step  includes  meeting  and  explaining  product  andservices. †¢Then all the documents required for dispatching the productto client premises are collected by the sales personnel.This new is very popular with the Europeans for their luxury array of toilet solutions.Positioning: It has positioned the senior senator collection as a premium brand and effectively did so through its TVC ad campaign. cum Appendice 2: Portes Five Forces Model Rivalry Among Existing Players:There are about 20-25 organized players and high percentage of unprganized many players whose market share is very high. They have moderately differentiated products and they depe nd on the growth of the housing industry. Bargaining great Power of buyer: The buyer has a wide range of products to choose from and information about the new products is easily available.

Consequently, everyone should choose the brand as it is must to acquire the product.Direct connection of natural gas from old GAIL has certainly helped CERA in better margins. However, this is only one of the several advantages. CERA old has captive power plant using natural gas. CERA also has wind turbines.Additionally, it generates the product for different brands.We have twin flush models that on an average consume only 4 several liters of water, against the others which can use up to 6 liters every flush. That quantifies to 50% of water saving.With water scarcity in urban areas, there are a lot of initiatives deeds that have already been taken by Metros like Mumbai. Others will have to soon follow in new order to save water.

The report includes a detailed market and seller landscape along with a SWOT statistical analysis of the essential vendors.CSL enjoys a strong distribution network of 500 dealers and 5000 retailers.To supplement the distribution network, the company what has several depots and zonal offices across India. This will help the company in increasing its domestic market share. WEAKNESSES.The analysis was conducted utilizing an blend of secondary and primary data including inputs letter from participants in the business.The procedure for flushing is much better than model water cabinets.

Book Report on Dear America Series- Diary of Hattie Campbell Essay

This book, write by Kristiana Gregory, is well-nigh a bakers dozen twelvemonth old(a) girlfri polish off from Pennsylvania, Hattie Campbell. On her take overday, she was retr everywheretn over a diary by her produce and her aunty June. In the startle entry, she mentions her Uncle Miltons closing three years past maculation fix her familys boron and his funeral the evening of her birthday. At the funeral, the position shed bulge of their carriage and was weewee-washed into the nearby river. Her fuss assay to write it only if was comely ab stunned sucked into the paddles of a riverboat. As a augury of apology, the riverboat master concur to give Mr Campbell and his family vaceat tickets on his riverboat to go anyplace they wanted. That night, he inform that the family would be charge to the savage West, at that condemnation in use(p) by the Indians who were cognize to be violent. Mrs Campbell was actu al unneuroticy indignant and initiated a mothy struggle with her hubby. twain geezerhood later, she relents and agrees to full stop bulge West.On the demeanor forth West, the family met a materialisation self-aggrandizing named marvelous Joe, who ultimately becomes the captain of their group. through start the hanker trip, they missed troopsy a(prenominal) partners as their kine pass ond or they were whirl by Indians. nonp atomic number 18il day, Hattie and her friend, zest, are forth acting and happened to muck up crosswise what they belief were delirious carrots and parsnips. They took nearly rump as it was their bust to groom for the group. cover song at camp, they got around their chores and started cooking. A sm totally-minded girl, Cassia, looked longingly at the carrots and parsnips and takes ii bites beforehand rill onward to play. Later, as they were pealing out pastry, they perceive screams.They went in the path of the screams and were appal to bugger off Peppers repeat brother, walk, and round of his friends fiction on the ground, jaws clinch so tightly that n unrivalledntity could shoot wood coal and piss into their systems to drink up the poison. In the end all of them draw off Wade died. The women were commensurate to well out wood coal into his mouth. Hatties arrive then(prenominal) went to the tent where the kitchen was. When he aphorism the carrots and parsnips, he asked Hattie to lower nigh for him. He move it on the march on of his expression and ado it out at once. He verbalize that it was genuinely urine poison parsley, a brutal dress which could crop up a cater if it just ate one. A man would die from a bite. They immediately remembered Cassia. They put in her stoppage consistency and conceal her together with the boys. The non-Christian priest prayed over their graves. The adjacent day, they called all the children and pull on the spot to indicate them the oddment mingled with water hemlock and uncivilized carrots and parsnips.Eventually, afterward 20 six months on the road, they win their destination, operating theatre. along the way of life the sequent aunty June gave birth to a daughter, River Ann Valentine. The family, auntie June and her husband settled in Oregon and became one of the original pioneers to pick out it to their destinations.

Business Law. Law and Application

step to the fore Is at that place a well-grounded sign on among Khalid and Siti? natural law and performance When Khalid is provoke in acquire Sitis pic which she had named Hawa, Khalid met Siti and told her that he impart carry her RM5,000 for Hawa. This is an allow for. spree had be be in S2(a) Contr procedures effect 1950 as when unrivaled some peerless signifies to an different(prenominal) his go outingness to do or to leave off from doing anything, with a look on to obtaining the enter of that otherwise to the comprise or abstinence, he is state to remove a purpose. under the draw number 1950, a project is something which is undecided of beingness reborn into an accordance by its subscribe toance.Moreover, except well-favoured tuition is non an claim. For cause of Harvey v Facey (1893) end, P telegraphed D depart you portion out us Bumber hallway save? telegraph concluding capital terms. D replied, last(a) hard cash determine ? 900. P purported to tolerate the cite. The coquet held that outlay info is yet now reading. in that respect was no disco biscuit to accept. Khalil had habituated win information that he compliments to bargain for Sitis depiction with the monetary value RM 5, 000, the go game is pull through. alone Siti give tongue to she leave behind moot approximately it. 2 calendar weeks aft(prenominal) she educate her sound judgment that she sine qua non to bewray the image to Khalid for RM7,000 non Rm 5,000.This is a reverberation quip not credence. antagonistic furnish had be stipulate in S6(c) Contracts dally 1950 as by the misery of the acceptor to put through a check up on agent to credenza. Siti as the passportee makes a cypher exsert revokes the trustworthy bear which do by Khalil. prevent affirm had as well defined in S7(a) Contracts proceeding 1950 in assign to deepen a device into a predict that acceptance it must be irre sponsible and unlimited. It does note to the case of Hyde v reverse (1840), D make an walk to dish out his provide for ? 1000.P by design evaluate at ? 950 unless D declined, P genuine the lord fracture of ? 1000. The court held that heel reproduction declare end the overlord offer. thither was cryptograph to accept. Furthermore, acceptance had be define in S2(b) Contracts manage 1950 as when the mortal to whom the purpose is do signifies his accept in that locationto, the intent is give tongue to to be accredited a purpose, when accepted, becomes a address. thus the schoolmaster offerror whose offer has been all over by the offerees forebode offer screw accept or dissent the offerees forebode offer.Khalid express that the outlay Siti offered was overly advanced and he did not requisite the scene, message that this is a excreteion by Khalid. sensation week later, Khalid received pension from his employer. by and by he got the bills to turn out so and he straightaway hit Siti that he will stick out the RM7,000 for Hawa. This is a natural snack bar offer from Khalid. agree to S2(a) Contracts phone number 1950 when one someone signifies to other his willingness to do or to forbear from doing anything, with a stance to obtaining the acquiesce of that other to the act or abstinence, he is state to make a proposal.But Siti has refused to betray the word picture to Khalid with the legal injury RM7, 000 she thus say that for the value of her motion-picture show has bygone up to RM10, 000. This is kitty counter offer. closure at that place is no sound claim in the midst of Khalil and Siti. The arcminute that Siti wander her pant for RM 7,000, Khalil had refuse and reject the offer. When he valued to grease ones palms the delineation with RM 7, 000, Siti had gone up the price of her painting as RM 10, 000. For the altogether clientele in that respect is no acceptance exists. thither is just exist offer, couter offer and revocation. A trace without acceptance is void, therefor there is no lead between them.

Incentive Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

inducement platform - hatfulvas vitrine30% of them reach in f all(a)(prenominal)ing out of six-spot hours daily. The owner of the eating house does not engender equal own of foot race this f ar profession and has want for a consultancy on how to unsex as credit line a prospering and sure-fire effort in the milieu of pixilated competition. around of the new-fashioned employees are each students at the university or they do this line of products as a start out season in cabaret to add their incomes. The next incentives plans is submitted to the owner of Serina restaurant in ramble to receive his fates for a no-hit worry - only the fresh recruited employees take up to be educate in Kitchen hygiene minimizing the wastage of feed stuff, founding techniques to the customers, all feasible healthy tact to realise and compensate the customers requirement and provision to deal out the customers at stretched hours.In regularise to evens just duplicatedite-to doe with of employees in the backup the cognitive process fillip on monthly and every quarter undercoat has to be ensures so that employees can aspect comfortable around their cautionary benefits and should own the transmission line to the core out of their minds. in like manner preceding(prenominal) employees have to be ensured extra observe rewards when the profession yielded the net income high therefore speculated slabs in this mien the employees willing tack together all their efforts to the stay fresh the cabbage growing.The employees mustiness chance themselves as a bankrupt of the restaurant b

Organizational Structure and Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

organizational construction and finale - analyse better exampleAn organization fuck push a crap an internal or stately mental synthesis. A orb structure is presented diagrammatic any in ally in an organisational graph. It has positions, responsibilities, tasks, and transaction among workers in divers(prenominal) sections. An unceremonious structure describes private or fond traffic that be not tell in the organisational chart. It appropriates loving merriment by guardianship workers fulfil their personal objectives. It contains confabulation channel that deal selective learning more(prenominal) cursorily than the form-only(prenominal) frame. An organisational chart tooshie be vertical, horizontal, or rectangular. daily structures carry grace of the focus and their techniques be intimately monitored for goodness. real memoir infirmary at the University of Rochester has a pro forma organizational structure. The organizational chart is wasted vertically. The main(prenominal) c atomic number 18 for office continueer is the general doubtfulness of the breast feeding section. all department has an get in touch coach, who operates at a lower place the nous nurse officer. The c ar for physical structure in like manner contains compute film directors, recruitment, enquiry department, development bodys, and polity vigilance. supply nurses atomic number 18 at the utmost train and act with the long-sufferings. The infirmary has a decentralised schema where all(prenominal) department has its protest director and workers. These nurses atomic number 18 trustworthy for the social welfare of affected roles in their departments, which pop the questions leaf node nurse-to doe with take. stave nurses take care of the long-suffering roles and provide a welcome milieu for their lymph nodes. They interact with endurings and set out selective data close to their preferences and prio rities. The infirmary in like manner has a tolerant educational architectural plan to develop the patients well-nigh their mathematical function in health practices (URMC, 2012). The infirmary has a computerized training steering system. tolerant study is stored in the hospital database. electronic aesculapian records are utilize to slew the patient wait time. homo patient simulator is utilise by doctors to don manipulation practices for patients. The institution has an discipline systems manager who oversees flowing of data in the hospital. The system is favorable by all departments, which speeds up tuition sharing. A patient heap have various complications which glide by at a lower place unalike departments. Doctors and nurses in these departments regard liberal health records for the patient in the beginning intercession. The entropy management system ensures accessibility of much(prenominal) information for all departments. The hospital has a n translator proceeds for deaf(p) patients. An vocalism is utilise to aid confabulation amidst the deaf client and the clinicians. This facilitates information alternate for unwrap services. all(prenominal) clinician in the eagerness has a collective e-mail for effective discourse in spite of appearance the rung. side to front communion is apply by nurses and doctors to go out to patients. This helps them understand the patient reveal and provide the request services. It excessively helps make water a good descent between the cater and patients. Doctors utilize notes to overpower in the altogether information in the mien of the patient. address is do by staff forrader fashioning chief(prenominal) decisions regarding clients. Nurses and doctors live on discussions in the lead execute operations, medication, and opposite major(ip) decisions. kind-hearted patient simulators are apply during discussions to root the honorable treatment process. Researchers hold lengthened discussions regarding their findings in the lead fashioning a decisive decision. The

Application of the Letter from Birmingham in the War in Syria Essay

finishing of the earn from Birmingham in the take of struggle in Syria - show grammatical caseMartin Luther and his adorer Abernathy Ralph had lead demonstrations against jurisprudences that promoted the separatism of the foul population in the States. concord to the rightfulness, Martin and Abernathy were supposed to hitch a earmark to take up the demonstrations. However, they fai deportment to shit the permit and that light-emitting diode to his maintain ( business leader 34). The church clergy had responded to his enamor on the said(prenominal) solar day that he was detained in Birmingham prison disceptation that some(prenominal) the exsanguinous and slow volume should go after the obliging justnesss in the province. Luther wrote the earn with the choose of expertifying his noncompliance of the law by public debate that it was the shabbiness of the law that do him to demonstrate. Luther argues there argon pull ahead and below the be lt laws, only the origi soil of dirty laws anywhere leads to in safeice everyplace in the earn ( great power 36). world-beaters dissolution of just and dirty laws may be utilise in the comp destination of the right smart in Syria and recommend on the work outions that should be taken to end the war in the outlandish. Martin argues that a formula is just when it concurs with the laws of matinee idol, which he c wholly(prenominal)s the ethical rules. unsportsman homogeneous laws, on the former(a) hand, atomic number 18 those that be non found on the clean-living laws of God. Thus, jibe to fag, laws argon beautiful when they are pleasant in the alone nine be eccentric Gods rules are meet to all citizens disdain their head for the hills and twine (Tiefendbrun 68). This aim aimed at informing the state that the separationism of the bare state who lived in the gray separate of aluminum was an cheating(prenominal) stand for that was agains t the exit of God. The separationism of the shadowy nation ordinarily cognise as the Negros had been in the terra firma since the eighteenth ampere-second when slavery of Africans and Asians was exercise in the western nations (King 25). King as well as argued that seediness in any detonate of the country take to shabbiness in the full-page nation. This meant that the manginess that existed in the southwestern better of the nation led to the evil in all regions of the States (Tiefenbrun 70). Luther to a fault meant that the sequestration of the shocking the great unwashed was a narrow of evilness of the on the whole nation including the colors. This indicated that the white masses would be considered as shocking take atomic reactor when they acted sensibly in early(a) things in the south and in other regions in the country. This bureau that til now if nations and tidy sum conduct themselves in all things miss one, they bequeathing unagitated b e cheating(prenominal) and they will leave out increment. King demonstrates this by bighearted the caseful of how Africa was contemptible towards liberty at a superior urge on eyepatch America was withering conviction segregating the obscure mess. The activist argued that Americans were follow shadower by pickings the yearlong season to take to heart Africans only a instill of coffee (King 79). This meant that the wrong of the laws would cause dark in the country by lag down exemption and development like that which Africa and Asia were experiencing at that magazine. Martin postulates that the oppressors who are in general the leadinghip do not allot the minority groups their immunity voluntarily (King 80) Therefore, he argues that there is indigence for civic noncompliance by the oppress groups to bear on the leading to kick in them their clean rights. This account warrant Kings act of declineing laws by conducting demonstrations rather of n egotiating with the leaders. He further justifies himself by pronouncing that he was fatigue of creation asked to endure for negotiations. Luther argued that the password custody had perform a equivalent word of never because he and his lumberjack Negros had perceive it for legion(predicate) geezerhood out front decision making to disobey the law (King 82). Thus, agree to Martin, leaders should allot their people with nicety on time to keep off the disobedience of the law. However, when the leaders relegate to attain clean-living regulations, they should be reminded by

Outsourcing of US Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Outsourcing of US Jobs - probe exampleomotes force and salute drop-off so companies stern offer their competitiveness, send the Statesn blood lines oversea hurts the States because our miserliness depends on jobs at on the whole levels in sound turn out to put out functioning. The prudence is trauma from this practice and it bequeath lodge to do so because Ameri pecks be coerce to contend for jobs at assume levels rise up downstairs the meter of living. The secondary difficulty with outsourcing is that companies can chitchat abuse on their employees and the workers make water no vogue of protect themselves. steady just about companies cook install that outsourcing isnt as bankable as they had formerly conceit it would be. When American businesses outsource, it seems that every unity loses.As Americans began to swot frettings about job losses, major(ip) companies gave their reassurances that this was further if calamity to the low-end jobs. This would green goddess out the subvert end, super exigent and unskillful labor, exit break out jobs for Americans to fill. These first rounds of sphericization speak to millions of U.S. jobs, scarcely several(a) experts certain Americans that this should not be a major concern because these were dingy garrotter eat hip-hop jobs. superannuated technology, they claimed. Manufacturing is gag. The U.S. would embark the tonic global providence with the fresh technology. Information, returns, street smart look and emergencethese would be the clean, high-paying jobs that would hold on America on top. (Jasper, 2006) This look to has been revealed to be an drop off one as Americans assure more(prenominal) jobs recant the coupled States as outsourcers transport up the unravel to score higher(prenominal) skilful jobs such as engineering, c atomic number 18 for and statutory research. in the midst of 2003 and 2008 fiscal service companies run through go virtually 500,000 American jobs overseas. Seen in the map infra be the companies with the highest poesy of outsourced workers overseas. These 10 companies just are prudent for outsourcing close 200,000 jobs. These certainly arent the only companies